A recent study published in CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal by Wiley, reveals a decline in colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnoses during and after Hurricanes Irma and Maria as well as the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico. This drop was attributed to disruptions in healthcare services caused by these events. However, late-stage diagnoses subsequently rose above expectations, indicating that restricted access to screening services likely delayed timely CRC detection. The findings emphasize the importance of strengthening healthcare systems to ensure continuous care even during crises.
The analysis conducted by researchers at the University of Puerto Rico examined data from 2012 to 2021 sourced from the Puerto Rico Central Cancer Registry. During the hurricanes, there was a significant reduction in CRC diagnoses. For instance, in the month the hurricanes struck, only 82 cases were diagnosed instead of the anticipated 161.4. A similar trend occurred during the pandemic lockdowns when, in April 2020, only 50 cases were observed compared to an expected 162.5. These interruptions primarily affected individuals within the recommended screening age range of 50–75 years, leading to fewer early-stage diagnoses.
As time progressed, the number of late-stage CRC cases increased disproportionately among those outside the typical screening age bracket, including younger and older populations. This suggests that the lack of accessible healthcare during these periods not only delayed diagnoses but also potentially worsened patient outcomes. Co-lead author Tonatiuh Suárez-Ramos noted the critical nature of this issue in Puerto Rico, where the healthcare system already encounters substantial challenges.
In response to these findings, co-lead author Yisel Pagán-Santana emphasized the necessity for adaptable strategies to maintain essential care continuity. Senior author Karen J. Ortiz-Ortiz further highlighted the urgent need for policies aimed at fortifying healthcare systems in regions prone to such disruptions. By assessing the long-term effects of natural disasters and pandemics, the researchers hope to foster discussions about sustainable solutions to enhance cancer care coordination, diminish health disparities, and guarantee uninterrupted access to care.
The research underscores the vital role of resilient healthcare infrastructure in ensuring timely diagnosis and treatment, particularly during challenging times. Addressing these gaps could pave the way for improved health outcomes and prolonged quality of life for residents of Puerto Rico and beyond.