NEW YORK — A comprehensive yearlong study conducted by Major League Baseball has shed light on the likely causes of the significant increase in pitcher injuries. The report, which spans 62 pages and is based on interviews with over 200 people including former players, front office executives, and medical professionals, concludes that rising velocities, pitch shaping, and the emphasis on maximum effort are the primary factors. It also recommends exploring rules changes to address this issue.

Uncovering the Truth Behind Rising Pitcher Injuries in MLB

Introduction to the Study

The study reveals that these trends are not limited to the major leagues but have also extended to high school and youth baseball. The incentive to get noticed by professional scouts has led to an increase in these practices. However, there is no evidence linking the pitch clock to injuries. The data presented in 26 tables provides a detailed analysis of various aspects related to pitcher injuries. 1: The report emphasizes the importance of identifying the problem and the likely risk factors. Glenn Fleisig, the director of biomechanics research at the American Sports Medicine Institute, considers this a landmark event. It is the first step towards finding solutions to the growing problem of pitcher injuries. 2: Possible areas for further study include offseason training, early season workload, non-game activity, and biomechanics. By understanding these factors better, MLB can take appropriate measures to reduce injuries.

Impact on Pitcher Injuries

Major league pitcher injury list placements have more than doubled from 2005 to this year, with a significant increase in days on the IL. The most significant causes identified are the increased velocity of pitches, the emphasis on optimizing "stuff," and the modern pitcher's focus on maximum effort. 1: Some experts have speculated about other factors such as the lasting effect of COVID-impacted seasons and the introduction of the pitch clock. However, there is not enough consensus or evidence to establish a link between these factors and pitcher injuries. 2: The report suggests that MLB consider rules changes to prioritize pitcher health and durability. For example, playing rules could be adjusted to encourage starting pitchers to preserve energy and pitch deeper into games. Roster rules could also be modified to better manage pitcher availability.

Data Analysis

Tommy John surgeries for major and minor league players have shown a significant increase and then a decline. Average m.p.h. velocity for different pitches has also risen over the years, while fastball usage has decreased. IL days for pitcher elbow and shoulder injuries have increased dramatically. 1: Spring training through opening day IL placements have more than doubled, and during the regular season, the numbers have also seen a significant increase. Starts of five or more innings have decreased in both the majors and minors. 2: The data also shows an increase in the number of players with Tommy John surgery in the amateur draft and a rise in the number of prospects throwing at high velocities. International players have had more UCL surgeries than domestic counterparts for the first time in years.

Factors Contributing to Injuries

Factors such as the use of weighted balls in training, increased intensity of bullpen sessions, and a decline in cardiovascular and endurance training contribute to the increase in injuries. Medical experts have described new injury patterns tied to the focus on velocity and max-effort pitching. 1: These factors highlight the need for a comprehensive approach to managing pitcher health. MLB needs to address these issues to prevent further injuries and ensure the long-term well-being of pitchers. 2: By understanding these contributing factors, MLB can implement strategies to mitigate the risks and promote a healthier pitching environment.